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七种英语基本句型及例子
1.主—动—补结构(SVC)。
此种结构中的动词皆是连系动词。连系动词带有的主语补语可以是名词词组。形容词词组。介词词组。非限定动词词组或名词性分句等。例如:
The twin are as like as two pears.
She is in good health.
It is getting dark.
The machine is out of order.
2.主—动(SV)结构。
此种结构中的动词一般是不及物动词,在这种句型中,状语并非是结构上不可或缺的成分。例如:
He lives in Shanghai.
We get up early every day.
The train leaves at eight.
They have been singing for half an hour.
3.主—动—宾结构(SVO)。
此种结构中的动词都是及物动词,这类动词后面一般只跟一个宾语,因此也叫做单宾语及物动词(monotransitive verb),该句型一般不需状语成分即可表达完整思想。例如:
She is reading a novel.
We have realized the importance of English.
They are watching the football match.
He opened the door.
4.主—动—宾—宾(SVOO)结构。
此种结构中的动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词(ditransitive verb),即能跟有间接宾语和直接宾语的及物动词。例如:
He taught us English last year.
I call him a taxi.
He gave me an English book as a birthday present.
I bought him a novel.
5.主—动—宾—补(SVOC)结构。
此种结构中的动词只限于某些能带复合宾语的及物动词(complex transitive verbs),即只能跟有宾语和宾语补语的及物动词。例如:
They made him captain of the team.
I find it impossible to finish the task in time.
We find the book very interesting.
We have proved the method very effective.
6.主—动—状结构(SVA)。
此种结构中的状语不可缺。例如:
The radio is near his bed.
They are in the classroom.
A number of students are in the library.
The tape recorder is on the desk.
7.主—动—宾状结构(SVOA)。
此种结构中的状语不可缺。例如:
She put her baby in the cradle.
They watched TV in the drawing room.
He placed the pot on the stove.
They are talking about the film at the meeting.